Lucien brianne



(No menu L. BRIANNE. ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

No. 475,289. Patented May 24, 1892.

v WITNESSES avg I072 gm 6% awjyi y g; 1 Amwa UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE,

LUOIEN BRIANNE, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 475,289, dated May 24,1892.

Application filed July 28, 1891, Serial No. 401,021. (No model.)Patented in France July 12, 1890, No. 208,963; in Germany August 1,1890, N0- 56,345 i in Austria-Hungary N v b r 14, 1890, No, 82,479 andNo. 56,900; in Belgium January 3, 1891, No. 93,827; in England January5, 1891, No. 200 in Italy January 28,1891, LVI, 438, and in Spain March24,1891,

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LUCIEN BRIANNE, a citizen of the Republic of France,residing at Paris, France, have invented new and useful Improvements inor Connected with Electric- Arc Lamps, (for which Letters Patent havebeen granted in France, No. 206,963, dated July 12, 1890; in Germany,No. 56,315, dated August 1, 1890; in Austria-lilungary, No. 32,479 andNo. 56,900, dated November 14, 1890; in Belgium, No. 93,327, datedJanuary 3, 1891; in Great Britain, No. 200, dated January 5, 1891; inItaly, Vol. LVI, No. 138, dated January 28, 1891, and in Spain, No.11,661,

dated March 24, 1891,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates, mainly, to regulating mechanism for electric-arclamps, and is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figurel is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is a front elevation, and Fig. 3 is a planof a regulating mechanism for electric-arc lamps constructed accordingto my invention. Fig. 4 is a detail View of the lower-carbon holder.Fig. 5 is a side elevation of Fig. 4E.

The advantages resulting from my improvements are great simplicity anddurability, combined with a degree of sensitiveness which adapts it forworking under any conditions with either continuous or alternatingcurrents.

In carrying out my invention I construct the regulator of two cast-ironor copper plates, between which are fitted the parts of the apparatus.One pole is connected to the frame of the apparatus and the other to thelowercarbon holder, which is insulated from the other parts of theapparatus. A rack A, Figs. 1 and 2, carrying the upper carbon, gearswith a pinion E, on the arbor B of which isatoothed fly-wheel F. Abovethis pinion is an arbor G, carrying a brass lever H, fixed to an ironarmature J. On the arbor G is keyed a toothed sector P, which can engageor disengage the fly-wheel F and impart movement thereto or leave itfree, according to whether the armature J is leaving the solenoid-coil Kor is returning thereto.

The solenoid K is formed of fine Wire mounted in derivation upon theterminals, through which the electric current enters and quits. I canalso provide a place on this coil for winding a coarse wire traversed bythe main current and utilize the result as differential or auxiliaryaction. The theoretical form of this solenoid and of its armature iscircular. Facility of construction alone has brought about theparticular form of these parts. This circular form has for its object toutilize the entire play of the arinature,and consequently by reducing itby means of levers to increase its power of action on the rack.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: Suppose it to be at rest,as shown in the drawings; The armature J, Figs. 1 and 2, not beingsubjected to any influence, has been drawn byits weight outside the coilas far as the stop-screw L. In this movement it has caused the toothedsector P, which is fixed to the same arbor, to engage the fly-wheel Fand impart a rotary movement to it in the direction of the hands of awatch, as shown by the arrow a. This rotary movement of the flywheel Fhas been transmitted through its common arbor to the pinion E, which bythis means has raised the rack A to a certain extent. (The upper carbonhas thus been moved to the necessary distance for lighting.) Then thecurrent flows, the carbons not touching there is no outlet for it,except through solenoid K of fine wire of great resistance, which itrenders active. The armature J is quickly attracted and completelyenters the coil firmly, drawing along the toothed sector P. This latterdisengages the fiy-wheel F, which becomes free and allows the rack todraw it along by its weight until the descent places the carbons incontact. By reason of this contact forming short circuit the current toa great extent abandons the passage of greater resistance through thesolenoid K. Immediately afterward the armature J, not being suflicientlyinfluenced by the magnetic action, falls by its weight into the positionof rest, already described, thereby, through the medium of the toothedsector P, fiy-wheel F, and pinion E, raising the rack A to the extentnecessary to separate the carbons and to cause the illuminating-arc tobe produced slightly smaller than the normal arc. The current continuingto pass, the carbons become consumed, the distance between themincreases, and the are, becoming more resistant,

compels the current to increase its derivation through the solenoid K.This increase is transferred through an attraction of the armature J,which re-enters progressively and proportionately to the consumption ofthe carbons up to a point intermediate of its course, where the toothedsector]? disengages the flywheel F. This point of escapement is thepoint of electric equilibrium, and consequently of regulation. Itcorresponds to the normal are. On the least increase in the consumptionof the carbons the sector P liberates the fly-wheel F, which, beingsubjected to the weight of the rack A, tends to turn in the direction ofthe arrow 1) to allow it to descend and bring the carbons closertogether. As the distance between them diminishes the resistance of thearc will lessen the derivation thro ugh the solenoid K, which allows itsarmature to slightly exert itself. This recoil movement again places thesector P in contact with the flywheel F, which is thus again retaineduntil a fresh consumption of carbons reproduces a like operation. Theliberation and the resubjection of the fly-wheel F by the sector P is sorapid that the former has only turned to the extent of an angle equal toone tooth of its periphery. This angle corresponds to a descent of therack proportionate to a movement of the fly-wheel to the extent of onetooth divided by the relation of the diameters of the fiy-wheel F andpinion E, which allows of attaining the desired softness of Moreover,the weight of the flydescent.

wheel F softens these different movements by .its inertia. Thus,notwithstanding the consumption of the carbons, the normal distance ismaintained by the liberation, tooth by tooth, of the fly-wheel F,allowing the progressive descent of the rack. If during the actionspecial conditions should require it, the armature J may leave itsregulating-point and assume its position of rest, thus separating thecarbons to a lighting distance. This is very important, as itmechanically avoids the adherence of the carbons, which is a defect ofexisting regulators. The regulating action is very powerful and insuresa practical working hitherto unknown. The construction of all the partscontributes to diminish the chances of accidents. The carbon-holders MN, Figs. 2, 4, and 5, which are very simple and strong and clampedtogether by operating an eccentric O, are protected from disarrangement,which would be very dangerous to the safety of the apparatus.

Contrary to almost every existing apparatus, the weight mechanicallyseparates the carbons and the current brings them together, whereby anabsolutely effective working is insured.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my saidinvention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare thatwhat I claim is The combination, with the solenoid K, traversed by aderived current, of the movable armature J, sector P, fly-wheel F,pinion E, and rack, substantially as set forth.

LUCIEN BRIANNE.

Witnesses:

EDOUARD POINENY, HECTOR DU FRENJ.

